Brittany(Spaniel)

Brittany is the westernmost region of France, bordered by the English Channel to the north and the Bay of Biscay to the south. It was in this area, centuries ago, that French hunters developed what is now regarded as one of the most versatile bird dogs in the world, skilled in hunting ducks, woodcocks, pheasants, partridges—essentially anything with feathers.

The Brittany first appears in historical records through 17th century paintings and tapestries. The frequent depiction of Brittany-type dogs in portraits and pastoral scenes by French, Flemish, and Dutch masters indicates that liver-and-white pointing dogs were quite prevalent in Western Europe. This rustic breed was originally cherished by medieval peasants and poachers, who valued thriftiness and needed all-purpose workers. The versatility bred into Brittanys in the historic French countryside remains a hallmark of the breed.

1. Brittany History- Source: United States Brittany Championship Association

The Brittany was introduced to America in 1931, with the AKC registering its first dog of the breed in 1934, then known as the Brittany Spaniel. In France, the breed is still referred to as "l'épanouiel Breton," or Brittany Spaniel. Throughout the 20th century, American and French lines diverged, leading U.S. breeders to emphasize Brittany's pointing abilities over its spaniel traits. As a result, the AKC officially shortened the breed's name to Brittany in 1982.

Regardless of classification, Brittanys are cheerful, resilient hunting companions celebrated for their stamina and keen sense of smell. They rank among America's most popular and successful field dogs, with hundreds earning the AKC's prestigious Dual Champion title, which recognizes dogs that excel in both the show ring and the field.

The Brittany is a spirited and affectionate companion, known for its friendly disposition and boundless energy. Playful and eager to please, these dogs make excellent family pets. Their intelligence shines through in their eagerness to learn, making training enjoyable.

Brittany is sociable and thrives on interaction with people and other dogs, showcasing a friendly demeanor that endears them to all. With their lively personality, they’re best suited for active families who can keep up with their playful antics. A Brittany brings joy and loyalty to your everyday life.

• Potential Challenges

While the Brittany is a delightful and engaging breed, it does come with some potential challenges. This dog requires a gentle approach to training; harsh methods can lead to timidity and withdrawal. Regular exercise is crucial for keeping Brittany happy and healthy, as they have high energy levels and need plenty of physical activity. 

Engaging them in sporting activities like field trials, lure coursing, and tracking can help meet their exercise needs. Additionally, it’s important to provide daily stimulation and tire out your Brittany to prevent the development of nervous habits, such as excessive barking or destructive behavior. Without adequate physical and mental engagement, Brittany may become restless or anxious.

The Brittany is a medium-sized dog with a square shape and long legs. It has strong, sloping shoulders that connect to a medium-length neck, leading to a short, straight back. The breed has graceful front legs and strong, muscular thighs, giving it a smooth and lively stride. The shoulders are a bit higher than the back end. This dog is built for speed and is a quick hunter. Its amber to hazel eyes, framed by an expressive brow, look out from an eager and alert face. The ears are high-set, triangular in shape, and covered with short, dense hair. The muzzle is medium-long and tapers to well-open nostrils that can be tan or pink. The teeth come together in a perfect scissor bite.

• Size

The Brittany stands at 17.5 to 20.5 inches in height and typically weighs between 30 to 40 pounds. This medium-sized breed is well-proportioned, combining agility and strength. Its compact size makes it both an excellent hunter and a versatile companion for active families.

• Coat color

Brittanys don’t have heavy coats. Their dense coat, flat, or wavy hair is never curly, wiry, or silky. They have a little feathering on the ears and legs, but not enough to hinder their movement through thick brush. The loose skin on Brittanys helps protect them from burrs and thorns, reducing the risk of puncture wounds. The most common coat colors are orange and white or liver and white coat, and some have a roan pattern, a fine mix of colored and white hairs. Ticking, which is small patches of black hairs on a white background, is considered desirable. Occasionally, you’ll find a tri-color Brittany, a liver and white dog with orange markings on areas like the eyebrows, muzzle, cheeks, and legs.

1. White and Orange Brittany- Source: Pixabay
2. White and Liver Brittany- Source: AKC
3. Piebald Brittany- Source: brittany_spaniel_ig

Both male and female Brittanys fit well into active families, but a female Brittany is generally more suited to a lifestyle where she has to work, often showing more focus and drive. Male Brittanys enjoy exercise and playtime, like hiking, but tend to be less focused than their female counterparts. However, there are no significant differences in size between males and females, with both having similar heights and weights.

To keep your Brittany healthy, feed them 1.5 to 2 cups of high-quality dry food each day, split into two meals. The amount your dog needs will vary depending on factors like their size, age, build, metabolism, and activity level. Like people, dogs are individuals, and their food requirements differ. Naturally, a more active dog will need more food than one who is less active. The quality of the food also matters—the higher the quality, the less you’ll need to feed, as it provides better nourishment. Always measure your Brittany's food and feed them twice a day rather than leaving food out constantly to maintain their weight and overall health.

Brittanys are generally healthy dogs, but like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health conditions. Not every Brittany will experience these issues, but it’s essential to be informed if you’re considering this breed. If you're purchasing a puppy, it's important to find a reputable breeder who can provide health clearances for both parents, which prove they have been tested for and cleared of specific conditions.

• Hip Dysplasia: This condition occurs when the hip joint doesn't develop properly, causing pain and mobility issues. It can be influenced by genetics, diet, and environment. In mild cases, proper diet and exercise can allow the dog to lead a full and active life. However, severe cases might require surgical correction. Regular vet check-ups, including x-rays, can help assess the condition.
• Epilepsy: Epilepsy can cause mild to severe seizures, and it may be hereditary or triggered by factors such as metabolic disorders, brain infections, or head injuries. Seizures can be frightening, and symptoms may include unusual behavior like frantic running, staggering, or hiding. While epilepsy can’t be cured, it can usually be managed with medication. Dogs with idiopathic epilepsy often live long and healthy lives with proper treatment.
• Hypothyroidism: This condition results from low thyroid hormone levels and can lead to symptoms like infertility, obesity, lethargy, and a dull coat. Affected dogs may also have drooping eyelids and tough, darkened skin. Hypothyroidism is treatable with daily medication, which the dog must take for life. With proper treatment, a dog with hypothyroidism can enjoy a happy and healthy life.

Brittanys are highly active dogs, both indoors and outdoors, and thrive best in homes with a large yard or even some acreage where they can burn off their boundless energy. They're not ideal for apartment or city living unless their exercise needs are consistently and properly met. This breed excels in cold and damp hunting conditions but should always live indoors with their families. A securely fenced yard is essential for safety when they're outside unsupervised.

For puppies under two years old, limit exercise to no more than 30 minutes at a time, as their joints and muscle coordination are still developing. It’s important to take breaks during training or play if your pup seems tired or loses enthusiasm. Brittanys love running in wide-open spaces, so training them to come when called is a must. Firm, consistent, and gentle training works best—harsh discipline isn't necessary.

Brittanys can be destructive if they aren’t mentally and physically stimulated, both as puppies and adults. Regular exercise and mental challenges will keep them engaged. Crating puppies when unsupervised can also help prevent trouble.

In terms of grooming, Brittanys are relatively low-maintenance. Their coats need weekly brushing and occasional baths or dry shampoos. They don’t shed excessively, but it’s important to check their ears regularly for signs of infection, especially after they've been outdoors. Brushing their teeth two to three times a week helps prevent tartar buildup and gum disease. Nails should be trimmed once or twice a month—if you hear clicking on the floor, they’re too long. Starting a grooming routine early, with praise and rewards, will make vet visits and handling easier as they grow.

When considering adding a Brittany to your family, think about adopting from a rescue organization. Many Brittanys are looking for loving homes where they can thrive and share their energetic spirits. By choosing to rescue, you not only give a dog a second chance but also gain a loyal companion who will fill your life with joy and adventure.

American Brittany Rescue

Brittany Rescue

The price of a Brittany (Spaniel) typically ranges from $1,000 to $3,000, depending on factors such as breeder reputation, pedigree, and location.

If you're looking to welcome a Brittany into your home, some reputable breeders offer healthy, well-socialized puppies. Brittany's playful nature and affectionate personality make them wonderful family companions. 

AKC Marketplace

Gundog Central

• Originally called the Brittany Spaniel, the AKC removed "spaniel" from the name because the breed is more accurately classified as a pointing dog rather than a flushing dog like spaniels.
• The Brittany was recognized as a breed in 1907 when “Boy,” an orange-and-white dog, became the first Brittany Spaniel registered in France.

1. Boy in 1907- Source: National Purebred Dog Day

• They appeared in the breed judging show in 2024.

• The English Setter is a popular choice among hunting dog enthusiasts in the United States due to its exceptional tracking ability and friendly disposition.

Brittanys are best suited for active individuals or families who enjoy outdoor activities and can provide ample exercise and mental stimulation. Their affectionate nature makes them excellent companions for those who can dedicate time to training and socialization. If you love being outdoors and are looking for a loyal and energetic partner, Brittany may be the perfect pet for you!