European Hedgehog

European Hedgehog (erinaceus europaeus), is a fascinating creature that has captured the hearts of many with its unique appearance and intriguing habits. Let's delve into the world of this prickly companion, exploring everything from its vital stats to its personality, health, and care requirements.

Written byHarper JefcoatHarper Jefcoat

Clock12 min read

Breed GroupBreed Group

Insectivores

Breed HeightHeight

15 - 30 cm

Breed WeightWeight

2 - 4 lbs

Breed Life spanLife Span

2 - 6 years in the wild, up to 12 years in captivity.

Breed CostAverage Cost

$150 - $350

Breed ColorsColors

Brown with white belly.

Conservation StatusConservation Status

Endangered

Gestation PeriodGestation Period

35 days - 37 days

All About European Hedgehog

Here is everything you need to know about these cute creatures:

In This Article

  • History/Origin
  • Personality
  • Physical Appearance
  • Gender Differences
  • Feed/Nutrition
  • Health
  • Care and Grooming
  • Rescue Groups
  • European Hedgehog for Sale
  • Interesting Facts
  • Best For
  • Top European Hedgehog Names
  • Pet Ratings
  • Key Takeaways
  • FAQs
History/Origin

History/Origin

The European Hedgehog, also known as the Common Hedgehog or by their scientific name, Erinaceus Europaeus, is native to Europe.

It is a nocturnal creature, making it a mysterious presence in many European folktales and stories. 

The hedgehog has been a part of European wildlife for thousands of years, with its fossilized remains dating back to the Ice Age. 

  • Native Habitat

This species is found in various countries, including the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, the westwards of the British Isles, and other countries across the West European continent. 

Their natural habitats can include woodlands, meadows, gardens, and urban areas. 

  • Population

Despite its widespread presence across Europe, the population of this mammal is experiencing a significant decline.

In Great Britain, the hedgehog population has dwindled from an estimated 30 million in the 1950s to around 1.5 million today. Due to these reasons, they have been red-listed in the UK. 

Personality

Personality

European Hedgehogs are solitary animals with a big appetite. They are known for their curious nature and their unique defense mechanism - rolling into a ball when threatened. This behavior, combined with their spiky exterior, makes them a formidable opponent for predators. 

Despite their prickly exterior, they are known to be quite friendly and can form a strong bond with their human caretakers.

Physical Appearance

Physical Appearance

European Hedgehogs are small animals with spikes on the upper body and soft fluff on the underbelly. 

  • Size

European Hedgehogs are small animals, typically measuring between 15 and 30 cm in length. Despite their small size, they are known for their big personalities and curious nature.

  • Coat Color

Their backs are covered with spiky spines, and they have a soft underbelly. They are usually brown with a white or cream belly. The color of their spines can sometimes vary, with some hedgehogs having darker or lighter spines.

Gender Differences

Gender Differences

Male and female hedgehogs are similar in appearance, although males are usually slightly larger. 

It can be difficult to tell the difference between male and female hedgehogs, as they are subtle and often require a close examination.

Feed/Nutrition

Feed/Nutrition

Hedgehogs are insectivores. They eat a variety of insects, as well as small mammals, bird eggs, frogs, fruit, and fungi. If kept as pets, they can be fed a diet of cat food, as it contains the necessary nutrients. It’s also important to provide fresh water for your hedgehog.

Health

Health

Hedgehogs can suffer from a variety of health issues. Here are some of the common diseases a European Hedgehog can commonly suffer from:

  • Fungal Infections: Fungal infections are fairly common in European hedgehogs. The most prevalent among these is ringworm.
  • Metabolic Bone Disease: Over-consumption of food with a low calcium-to-phosphorous ratio, such as peanuts and mealworms, can result in inflammation and metabolic bone disease. This is an umbrella term for a variety of conditions, including bone thinning and osteoporosis.
  • Dietary Issues: Hedgehogs tend to eat almost anything they have unrestricted access to. High-fat foods can result in hepatic steatosis (fatty liver disease), obesity, and complications seen in humans with similar diets.
  • Oral and Dental Diseases: Oral neoplasia, particularly squamous cell carcinoma, is common in hedgehogs. Dental diseases, including calculus, gingivitis, and periodontitis, are also common.
Care and Grooming

Care and Grooming

Hedgehogs are low-maintenance pets, but they do require some care. This includes regular cleaning of their habitat and careful handling. Despite their spiky exterior, hedgehogs can be handled with bare hands. However, it’s important to be gentle as they can be sensitive.

Rescue Groups

Rescue Groups

Numerous hedgehog rescue groups across Europe work to rehabilitate injured and sick hedgehogs. These organizations are dedicated to the welfare of hedgehogs.

Here are some of the hedgehog organizations you can reach out to:

The British Hedgehog Preservation Society

The Hedgehog Welfare Society

European Hedgehog for Sale

European Hedgehog for Sale

European Hedgehogs are an endangered species, that have not been domesticated. Keeping them as pets is also illegal in some countries. 

However, if you want to keep an adorable and domesticated breed of these creatures, check out these organizations:

African Pygmy Hedgehogs

Interesting Facts

Interesting Facts

  • Hedgehogs are immune to most snake venom.
  • They have poor eyesight but an excellent sense of smell and hearing.
  • European Hedgehogs have between 5000 and 7000 spines. 
  • Hedgehogs are a forgotten third symbol of NATO. 
Best For

Best For

Hedgehogs are best suited to being solitary pets. They are ideal for those who want a low-maintenance pet with a bit of personality! They are also great for those who are interested in exotic pets and are willing to put in the time and effort to understand and care for them.

Top European Hedgehog Names

Top European Hedgehog Names

Male European Hedgehog Names

Female European Hedgehog Names

Prickle

Rosie

Thimble

Hazel

Cactus

Clover

Quill Smith

Pippa

Sonic

Quill-izabeth

Pet Ratings

Adaptability

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Friendliness

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Health & Grooming Needs

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Trainability

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Exercise Needs

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Key Takeaways

European Hedgehogs are unique creatures native to Europe.

They face a declining population, particularly in the UK.

Despite their spiky appearance, they can be friendly and form bonds with caretakers.

Proper nutrition, health monitoring, and care are crucial for their well-being.

Rescue groups play a vital role in rehabilitating injured and sick hedgehogs.

Consider adopting African Pygmy Hedgehogs as an alternative to the endangered European Hedgehogs.

Frequently Asked Questions

How was the European hedgehog introduced to New Zealand?

Are European hedgehogs invasive species?

What impact do European hedgehogs have on the ecosystem?

Why do farmers like having European hedgehogs in their gardens?

Harper Jefcoat
Written by

Harper Jefcoat

Harper Jefcoat is a dedicated pet enthusiast and expert author at ThePetWorld.org. With a deep-seated passion for animals, Harper brings a wealth of knowledge and personal experience to his writings. Specializing in canine behavior and wellness, he aims to help pet owners understand and care for their furry friends better.

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