Chihuahua

The Chihuahua is a tiny dog with a big personality, weighing 3 to 6 pounds. Known for their feisty attitude, loyalty, and love of attention, they are surprisingly active and playful. Chihuahuas thrive with their owners, require minimal grooming and exercise, and are ideal for apartments. They can get along with families, but children should be taught to play gently due to their small, delicate nature. Their independent, spirited personalities are coupled with deep loyalty and affection for their owners.
Breed Group

Breed Group

Purebred

Height

Height

3-9 inches

Weight

Weight

3-6 pounds

Life Span

Life Span

12-20 years

Average Cost

Average Cost

$800 - $1500

Colors

Colors

Black, Brown, Red, Cream, Blue, White, and Tan

AKC Group

AKC Group

Toy Group

All About Breed

Discover this breed’s personality, gender differences, grooming needs, and health considerations to determine if it is the right pet for you:

In This Article
Chihuahua History/Origin

Chihuahua History/Origin

Chihuahua’s origins are unclear, and there are two main theories. One suggests they descended from the Techichi, a dog from Central or South America, dating back to the Toltec civilization. Carvings from the 9th century C.E. depict a dog resembling the Chihuahua.

These purebred dogs were later absorbed into Aztec society, believed to have mystical powers, and used in rituals. The Techichi faded into obscurity after the Spanish conquest in the late 1500s.

The second theory posits that small hairless dogs from China were brought to Mexico by Spanish traders and bred with native dogs. The modern shorthaired Chihuahua dog breed was discovered in the 1850s in the Mexican state of Chihuahua.

American visitors brought them home, and by 1890, they began to be shown. The first Chihuahua registered with the American Kennel Club under Toy Group was Midget in 1904.

  1. Chihuahua HistoryChihuahua History- Source: The Chihuahua Club Of NSW Inc.

The longhaired variety likely resulted from crosses with Papillons or Pomeranians. The breed’s popularity surged in the 1930s and 1940s, partly due to its association with Latin music bandleader Xavier Cugat. Since the 1960s, Chihuahuas have consistently ranked among the most popular AKC breeds.

Chihuahua Personality

Chihuahua Personality

The bold and confident Chihuahua is one of the dog breeds that often likened to a terrier. Their alert nature and the wariness of strangers make them excellent watchdogs.

Sensitive and affectionate, these dogs thrive on companionship and frequently form strong bonds with a single person, although they can become friendly with others if properly introduced.

Dog Personality-Extremely Social

Initially, they may be reserved, and they can be timid without proper socialization as puppies. Like all dogs, they require early socialization, which includes exposure to various people, sights, sounds, and experiences to ensure they grow into well-rounded adults.

  • Training challenges

Training a Chihuahua can present several challenges due to their strong-willed and independent nature. Their small size often leads owners to overlook training, but it’s essential for good behavior.

Chihuahuas can be stubborn and may resist commands, requiring patience and consistency from their owners. They also tend to be protective and can become possessive of their owners, leading to aggressive behavior if not properly managed.

Additionally, housebreaking can be difficult with this breed, as they are prone to accidents indoors. Despite these challenges, positive reinforcement and early socialization are key to successfully training a Chihuahua.

Chihuahua Physical Appearance

Chihuahua Physical Appearance

Chihuahuas have one of two head shapes: ‘apple head’ or ‘deer head.’ ‘Apple head’ Chihuahuas have rounder heads, close-set eyes, shorter legs, and smaller ears, and they tend to be the most popular. In contrast, ‘deer head‘ Chihuahuas have flatter heads, wide-set eyes, longer legs, and larger ears.

  • Size

The average Chihuahua weighs between 3 to 6 pounds. While there are smaller Chihuahuas, they often have health issues. Conversely, some Chihuahuas can be larger, reaching 12 pounds or more, and these can be better suited for families with children.

Dogs size- Small

  • Coat color

The Chihuahua comes in two types of coat: long and short. The long coat of the Chihuahua is soft, either flat or with a slight curl, and is often accompanied by an undercoat. Feathering on the feet and legs, as well as a large ruff around the neck, are common features. Similarly, the short, smooth coat is soft to the touch.

Chihuahuas exhibit a diverse range of coat colors, including black, white, fawn, chocolate, gray, and silver as well as tricolor. They may have solid, pied, marked, or splashed patterns.

  1. White ChihuahuaWhite Chihuahua- Source: AKC.org
  2. Brown ChihuahuaBrown Chihuahua- Source: AKC.org
  3. White Chihuahua with Brown markingsWhite Chihuahua with Brown markings- Source: Pixabay
  4. Black ChihuahuaBlack Chihuahua – Source: Unsplash
Chihuahua Gender Differences

Chihuahua Gender Differences

  • Size differences

The male Chihuahua typically reaches an average height of 5 to 9 inches and weighs between 2 to 6 pounds when fully grown. On the other hand, female Chihuahuas tend to be slightly smaller, with an average height ranging from 4 to 7 inches and a similar weight range of 2 to 6 pounds.

  • Temperament differences

Male Chihuahuas tend to exhibit clingier and more insecure behavior. They often dislike being separated from their owners and seek constant reassurance of affection. While this can be charming initially, it may become tiresome over time.

On the other hand, female Chihuahuas are generally less affectionate and may appear standoffish towards individuals other than their favorite human. They require less attention and are content with independence.

Chihuahua Feed/Nutrition

Chihuahua Feed/Nutrition

The recommended daily intake for adult Chihuahuas is typically between 1/4 to 1/2 cups of high-quality dry food. However, it’s essential to consider factors such as size, age, metabolism, and activity level when determining the appropriate amount.

Just like humans, dogs have individual dietary needs, so the quantity may vary from one dog to another. You can also incorporate treats like strawberries in moderation, as they are low-calorie and packed with nutrients.

More active dogs will generally require a larger portion compared to less active ones. Additionally, the quality of dog food plays a crucial role, as premium quality food provides better nutrition, requiring smaller servings to meet nutritional requirements.

Chihuahua Health

Chihuahua Health

The Chihuahua, like all breeds, may be susceptible to certain health conditions, either congenital or acquired. While not all Chihuahuas will develop these ailments, breeders, and owners need to be knowledgeable about them to ensure proper care throughout the dog’s life.

  • Hypoglycemia:  Low blood sugar can be a concern, especially in toy breed puppies, leading to symptoms such as lethargy, trembling, or even collapse. Prevent hypoglycemia by feeding your Chihuahua small, frequent meals to maintain stable blood sugar levels. Keep honey or sugar paste on hand to administer immediately if symptoms of hypoglycemia, such as lethargy or trembling, occur.
  • Pulmonic Stenosis: This congenital heart condition obstructs blood flow due to a malformed pulmonic valve, potentially leading to heart failure. Treatment varies based on the extent of the obstruction. Avoid strenuous activities that may exacerbate symptoms of pulmonic stenosis and follow your veterinarian’s recommendations for managing the condition. Regular cardiac evaluations can help monitor the progression of the disease and guide treatment decisions.
  • Collapsed Trachea:  The accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain can exert pressure, leading to various neurological symptoms. Treatment options include medication or surgical intervention. Rapid inhalation of air can cause the trachea to flatten, hindering breathing. Preventive measures for a collapsed trachea include using a harness instead of a collar to reduce pressure on the neck and throat. Avoid exposure to irritants such as smoke or strong fumes, which can aggravate tracheal inflammation.
  • Progressive Retinal Atrophy: PRA is a hereditary eye problem that affects the retina, leading to gradual vision loss and eventual blindness. Symptoms typically begin with decreased night vision and progress to complete blindness over time. While there is no cure for PRA, early detection through regular veterinary eye exams can help manage the condition and slow its progression.
  • Obesity: Prevent obesity in your Chihuahua by feeding a balanced diet and monitoring portion sizes to maintain a healthy weight. Incorporate regular exercise into your dog’s routine to promote physical fitness and prevent excessive weight gain. Avoid overfeeding or excessive treats, and consult with your veterinarian for personalized dietary and exercise recommendations.
  • Syringomyelia: A chronic condition affecting the spinal cord, characterized by fluid-filled cavities that can cause pain and neurological symptoms. Preventing syringomyelia involves careful breeding practices to reduce the risk of passing on genetic predispositions. Monitor your Chihuahua for any signs of discomfort or neurological abnormalities and seek veterinary care promptly if concerns arise.
Chihuahua Care and Grooming

Chihuahua Care and Grooming

Chihuahuas have lower exercise needs compared to some other breeds, typically requiring 30 minutes to 1 hour of activity daily. This can be met with short walks, play sessions, and interactive toys.

Grooming a Chihuahua is easy and quick, only needing a few minutes each week. Use a rubber grooming mitt or short-bristled brush for smooth-coated Chihuahuas, and a pin brush for longhaired ones. Regular brushing helps control shedding, especially in spring and fall. Baths are needed every month or two, using dog shampoo to keep the coat and skin healthy.

Dog grooming weekly- activity level medium

Keep nails trimmed regularly and brush their teeth a few times a week to prevent tartar buildup and dental disease. Check for any sores, infections, or abnormalities during grooming to ensure your Chihuahua stays healthy.

Additionally, crate training your dog is essential for creating a safe and secure space for them, especially when you’re not around. It also aids in house training and preventing destructive behavior.

Chihuahua Rescue Groups

Chihuahua Rescue Groups

A Chihuahua rescue group offers a sanctuary for these tiny dogs facing hardship. They rescue Chihuahuas from shelters or abusive situations, providing care and rehabilitation. Through adoption events and community outreach, they raise awareness and find loving homes for these vulnerable dogs.

Chihuahua Rescue & Transport

Chihuahua Rescue of San Diego County

How Much Does Chihuahua Cost?

How Much Does Chihuahua Cost?

The price of a Chihuahua typically ranges from $800 to $1,500, depending on factors such as breeder reputation, pedigree, and location.

Chihuahua puppies are available for sale from reputable breeders who prioritize the health and temperament of their dogs. It’s essential to visit the breeder, meets the puppies, and observe their parents to ensure they are healthy and well-socialized.

Local Sales Network

AKC Marketplace

Interesting Facts

Interesting Facts

  • Chihuahuas are known to shiver when they are excited, stressed, or cold. This is a common trait and usually not a cause for concern.
  • Relative to their body size, Chihuahuas have the largest brains of any dog breed.
  • They have appeared in Beverly Hills Chihuahua.
  1. Beverly Hills Chihuahua 2Beverly Hills Chihuahua 2- Source: IMDb
  • Chihuahua has appeared in a TV show called Legally Blonde.
  1. Legally BlondeLegally Blonde- Source: The Mirror
Best For

Best For

Chihuahuas are ideal for apartment living and novice pet owners due to their small size and minimal grooming needs. They make excellent companions, forming strong bonds with their owners and acting as alert watchdogs. While good with older children, they require gentle handling due to their fragile nature.

Dog Best For- Families

Top Names

Top Names

Male Chihuahuas Names Female Chihuahuas Names
Max Bella
Rocky Daisy
Buddy Lola
Charlie Coco
Oscar Lucy

Pet Ratings

Adaptability

They are not the best dogs for first-timers but not the worst as well. They are known to be friendly and easy to train, which can make them a great pick for first-timers. The downside is that they require a lot of attention and grooming, which first-time pet owners may not have the time, training, or patience for.

Friendliness

They are known for being quiet, calm dogs that make loyal and loving companions. One of the things that makes them such great pets is their behavior. They are naturally suspicious of people they don't know, but with proper socialization, they can learn to be friendly and outgoing around new people.

Health and Grooming Needs

General health and wellness are important for any dog. This dog, however, is low on general health and wellness. Some things that can be done to help include improving their diet, getting more exercise, and visiting the vet more regularly.

Trainability

Dogs that are easy to train learn new things quickly. They quickly learn that if they have to do something when you say a word or sound, they will get a reward. Other dogs need more time and patience to learn this. But most breeds of dog are intelligent. This means that you can use rewards and games to teach them what you want them to do.

Exercise Needs

Different breeds of dogs have different needs when it comes to exercise. Some breeds are fine with a slow stroll around the block once a day, while others need more vigorous exercise every day. Breeds that were originally bred for physically demanding jobs, like herding or hunting, need especially active lifestyles to stay healthy and happy. Without enough exercise, these breeds may become overweight and destructive.

Key Takeaways

Tiny Size: Chihuahuas are one of the smallest dog breeds, making them easy to handle and ideal for apartment living.

Big Personalities: Despite their small size, Chihuahuas have large personalities, characterized by confidence and boldness.

Loyal Companions: Known for their strong attachment to their owners, Chihuahuas are very loyal and affectionate.

Low Grooming Needs: With short coats that require minimal grooming, Chihuahuas are relatively low-maintenance in terms of grooming.

Long Lifespan: Chihuahuas live long lives, typically reaching 15 years or more with proper care.

Adaptable: They adapt well to various living environments, making them suitable for both singles and families.

Good Watchdogs: Chihuahuas are alert and make excellent little watchdogs, often being very vocal.

Playful and Energetic: They enjoy bursts of energy and playtime, making them suitable for active individuals or families.

Variety: Chihuahuas come in a variety of coat colors and patterns, offering many choices for potential owners.

Portable: Their small size makes them easy to carry, and they are often considered excellent travel companions.

What are the pros and cons of owning a Chihuahua?

Pros of Owning a Chihuahua:

  1. Size: Chihuahuas are small dogs and are easy to manage, making them suitable for apartment living or households with limited space.
  2. Loyal Companionship: They form strong bonds with their owners and are often very loyal and affectionate.
  3. Low Grooming Needs: Their short coats require minimal grooming compared to some other breeds.
  4. Longevity: Chihuahuas tend to have long life expectancy, often living well into their teens.
  5. Portable: Due to their small size, they are easy to transport and make great travel companions.

Cons of Owning a Chihuahua:

  1. Fragile: Their small size makes them more susceptible to injuries, especially in households with young children or larger pets.
  2. Barkiness: Chihuahuas can be vocal and may bark a lot, especially if not properly trained or socialized.
  3. Stubbornness: They can have a stubborn streak, which may make training more challenging.
  4. Prone to Health Issues: Like all breeds, Chihuahuas are prone to certain health problems, including dental issues and luxating patellas.
  5. Fragile Ears: Their large, erect ears are prone to injury and may require extra care to prevent damage.

Is a Chihuahua a Good House Dog?

Yes, Chihuahuas can make excellent house dogs, especially for individuals or families living in apartments or smaller homes. They are adaptable to different living environments and can thrive with proper training and socialization.

Is a Chihuahua Friendly?

Chihuahuas can be friendly and affectionate with their owners, but their temperament can vary from dog to dog. Proper socialization from a young age is essential to ensure they are well-behaved and friendly towards strangers and other animals.

Does a Chihuahua Bark a Lot?

Chihuahuas are known for their tendency to bark, and they can be quite vocal if not trained or socialized properly. However, with consistent training and positive reinforcement, excessive barking can be minimized.

Are Chihuahuas difficult to train?

Chihuahuas can be challenging to train due to their strong-willed and independent nature. However, with consistent, positive reinforcement and patience, they can learn effectively. Early socialization and training are key to managing their sometimes stubborn behavior.

What were Chihuahuas bred for?

Chihuahuas were originally bred as companion animals. Their origins trace back to ancient Mexico, where they were prized for their small size, warmth, and loyalty. They were also believed to have spiritual significance in ancient cultures.

How big is a Chihuahua?

Chihuahuas are small dogs, typically weighing between 3 to 6 pounds. They usually stand about 5 to 8 inches tall at the shoulder, making them one of the smallest dog breeds.

Do Chihuahuas have health problems?

Chihuahuas can be prone to several health issues, including dental problems, heart disease, patellar luxation, and hypoglycemia. Regular veterinary checkups, a healthy diet, and proper care can help manage and prevent some of these health concerns.

Frequently Asked Questions

Explore More Similar Blogs