Demodectic Mange in Dogs

Demodectic mange, also known as Red mange, is a common skin disease in dogs caused by the Demodex canis mite. While all dogs naturally have these mites on their skin, an overgrowth can lead to hair loss, redness, and skin infections. This condition primarily affects dogs with weakened immune systems and can range from mild, localized cases to severe, generalized infections. Understanding the causes and symptoms, of demodectic mange can help dog owners provide the best care for their pets.

written by

Barbara Perez

Source: PetMD

What is Demodectic Mange?

Demodectic mange is caused by an overpopulation of species of Demodex mites. Unlike sarcoptic mange, which is highly contagious, demodectic mange is not contagious to other dogs or humans. It often occurs due to a weakened immune system, which allows the mites to multiply unchecked.

Types of Demodectic Mange

Demodectic mange is itself a type of mange that can vary in severity. While some cases remain mild and localized, others can spread and become more serious. Understanding the different types of Demodectic mange can help dog owners determine the best course of action for treatment.

Localized Demodectic Mange – Affects only a few small areas, usually on the face or legs. It often clears up on its own.
Generalized Demodectic Mange – A more severe form that spreads across the body, requiring medical treatment.

Symptoms of Demodectic Mange in Dogs

Recognizing the symptoms of demodectic mange early can help prevent the condition from worsening. While some dogs with demodectic mange may experience mild irritation, others may develop severe skin infections if left untreated.

Common clinical signs of demodectic mange include:

Patchy hair loss (alopecia), especially around the face, legs, and trunk
Red, inflamed, or scaly skin
Excessive itching and discomfort
Secondary skin infections, leading to pus, crusty sores, and a foul odor
Thickened or darkened skin in chronic cases

Causes and Risk Factors

Demodex mites are present in all dogs, but certain factors can trigger an outbreak:

Weakened immune system – Common in puppies, adult dogs, or those with underlying health conditions
Genetic predisposition – Some dog breeds, like Bulldog, Shar-Pei, and Doberman, are more prone
Poor nutrition – Malnourished dogs have weaker immune defenses
Stress and anxiety – High-stress environments can suppress the immune system
Hormonal imbalances – Conditions like hypothyroidism may increase susceptibility

How is Demodectic Mange Diagnosed?

A veterinarian will perform the following tests to confirm demodectic mange:

Skin scraping test – Examining skin samples under a microscope to detect Demodex mites
Hair pluck test – Checking hair follicles for mite infestation
Biopsy – In severe cases, a skin biopsy may be needed to rule out other skin conditions

Treatment Options for Demodectic Mange

Treatment depends on the severity of the mange and whether secondary infections are present.

Medications

Topical treatments – Medicated shampoos, dips, and ointments containing benzoyl peroxide or amitraz
Oral medications – Ivermectin, milbemycin, or fluralaner-based drugs prescribed by a vet
Antibiotics – If secondary bacterial infections develop
Anti-inflammatory treatments – To reduce itching and irritation

Home Remedies (Consult your vet before using)

Coconut oil – Has antimicrobial and soothing properties
Apple cider vinegar (diluted) – May help balance skin pH and fight bacteria
Aloe vera gel – Provides relief from irritation and redness

Strengthening the Immune System

Nutritious diet – Rich in vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, and high-quality proteins
Regular exercise – Helps maintain overall health and immune function
Reducing stress – A calm environment supports immune health

Can Demodectic Mange Be Prevented?

While not always preventable, you can reduce the risk by:

Feeding a balanced diet to support immune health
Keeping up with routine veterinary check-ups
Practicing good hygiene and regular grooming
Minimizing stress in your dog’s environment

Is Demodectic Mange Contagious?

Unlike sarcoptic mange, demodectic mange is not contagious to other dogs or humans. However, puppies can inherit mites from their mothers during nursing.

When to See a Vet

Seek veterinary care if your dog:

Has widespread hair loss and red, irritated skin
Develops pus-filled sores or a foul-smelling infection
Does not show improvement with home care

Key Takeaways

Dogs with generalized demodicosis: Experience widespread hair loss, skin inflammation, and secondary infections that require veterinary treatment.

Older dogs: More prone to developing demodectic mange due to a weakened immune system, making them more susceptible to mite overgrowth.

Generalized demodicosis: This can lead to severe skin infections, thickened skin, and discomfort if left untreated.

Localized demodectic mange: Affects small areas and may resolve on its own without treatment.

Weakened immune system: Common in puppies, older dogs, or those with underlying health conditions, increasing the risk of mite overgrowth.

Treatment options: Include oral and topical medications, medicated shampoos, antibiotics for infections, and immune-boosting support.

Demodectic mange transmission: Not contagious to humans or healthy dogs but can be passed from a mother dog to her puppies.

Prevention: Providing a nutritious diet, regular vet check-ups, and reducing stress can help strengthen the immune system and lower the risk of demodectic mange.

How to Tell the Difference Between Demodectic Mange and Sarcoptic Mange?

Demodectic mange, caused by Demodex mites, affects older dogs, puppies, or those with weakened immune systems. It causes patchy hair loss, red skin, and crusty sores, often on the face, legs, or trunk, and is not contagious. Sarcoptic mange, caused by Sarcoptes mites, is more common in young, healthy dogs or those under stress. It causes intense itching, hair loss, and sores, usually starting on the ears, elbows, and abdomen, and is highly contagious. A vet can differentiate between the two with tests.

Will Demodex Mange Go Away on Its Own?

Localized demodectic mange (a mild form) may resolve on its own, especially in puppies or young dogs with healthy immune systems. However, generalized demodectic mange is more severe and requires veterinary treatment, including topical or oral medications, medicated shampoos, and sometimes antibiotics. Prompt treatment helps prevent complications and ensures faster recovery.

If you notice signs of mange, it's best to consult a veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.

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Barbara Perez

Barbara Perez is the Lead Pet Expert and an avid animal advocate at ThePetWorld.org, bringing over a decade of experience in pet care, training, and animal welfare. With a deep passion for improving the lives of pets and their owners, Barbara combines expert knowledge with a heartfelt commitment to educating and empowering pet lovers everywhere. Whether it's through her insightful articles or hands-on advice, she is dedicated to fostering a stronger bond between humans and their furry companions, one wagging tail at a time.